Glossary

Encryption

The process of scrambling data so only those with the right key can read it.

Definition

Encryption transforms readable data (plaintext) into scrambled data (ciphertext) using a mathematical algorithm and a key. Modern algorithms — AES-256, ChaCha20-Poly1305 — are practically unbreakable when used correctly. The hard parts are key management and protocol design, not the math.

End-to-end encryption (E2EE) means only the sender and receiver hold the keys. Encryption in transit (TLS) protects data while it travels across networks but lets servers along the way read the contents. Encryption at rest protects stored data.

Example

When you send a Signal message, your phone encrypts it with your friend's public key. Signal's servers route the ciphertext but cannot read it; only your friend's device, holding the matching private key, can.

Frequently asked questions

Is HTTPS encryption strong enough?

Yes — TLS 1.2+ with modern ciphers is fine for everyday traffic. The weak link is usually elsewhere.

What is end-to-end encryption?

Encryption where only the people communicating can read messages — not the platform, not the network.

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